While learning about violin making, we also have some articles about violin pigments. Pigments are divided into three parts: film substrate, solvent, and pigment. Paint film is formed in the film matrix accumulated on the surface layer, and pigments scatter in a dissolved or fine particle state in the paint film.

The material is polymer. Polymers are large molecules composed of many small molecules connected together. These molecules are not easily soluble in solvents unless the solvent has a good affinity for the molecular fragments.

For example, suppose a person is a small molecule, also known as a monomer, with each molecule having two mini bodies and two legs. If many people hold hands, they can form a long human body chain. They have used their hands multiple times around the world to form a human chain, and the resulting polymer forms lines. For example, polyethylene (such as plastic bag), polypropylene (such as plastic bucket), polyacrylate (such as organic glass), polystyrene (such as disposable transparent hard cup, primary and secondary foam tank), polyester (such as mineral water bottle), polyether (such as epoxy resin and steel, cellulose), polyamide (such as nylon, protein), etc. are intertwined. Most lineages. Of course, these materials are composed of many linear molecules. Just like how cotton fibers make up a piece of cotton, the molecules are not linear. But

If several people in the human chain stretch their feet to support others, forming a new chain, it will form polymer molecules with branched chains, such as the starch we eat.

If multiple linear molecules are connected in units, such as several tightly connected human chains, individuals in the chains will be interconnected to form a polymer. For example, natural rubber is a linear polyisoprene that connects different molecular chains in the spatial network through vulcanizing agents, making it a useful rubber. Hair and nails are also interconnected through linear protein molecules

Space network structure. Cucumber phenolic resin is used for old electrical equipment. Natural wood resin ions have complex molecular structures, and similarly, people who parachute can form complex shapes by connecting their hands and feet. If most monomers have two or more connection points, they can form complex structures

When polymer molecules are not large, they can be dissolved in solvents. When the molecules are large, solvents are difficult to find easily. For example, the machine fiber used for making ballast vests is made using 100% sulfuric acid as the solvent in water; PU leather in artificial leather is an organic solvent solution that is impregnated with polymers and then immersed in water to form a thin film. Artificial thread is drawn from copper ammonia solution in cellulose. Polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene cannot be dissolved in suitable solvents and can only be used for melting or molding. Polymers without sufficient solvents, such as used tires, will become unrecoverable waste and accumulate in the mountains.