There are four violin strings in total, with the thinnest being the E string, which is installed on the right side of the instrument. To the left are the A string, D string, and G string, also known as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th strings. At the end of each string, there is a copper button hung in the tie hole of the chord plate. The strings pass through the saddle and neck of the bridge supported on the panel, and the other end is on the chord shaft. The strings are the sound source of the violin, which produce sound by rubbing the strings with the bow to produce vibration. The vibration is then transmitted to the body of the violin through the bridge, creating acoustic resonance to enhance volume and enrich timbre.

The distance from the string pillow to the string horse of a violin is the part where the strings vibrate and produce sound, also known as the effective string length. Due to the consistent length of string vibration, only by increasing the weight of the strings through winding can different high and low tones be obtained. Therefore, the thickness of the four strings varies (E string is the thinnest, G string is the thickest). )

There are two types of violin strings: gut strings and metal strings. The outer part of the gut string is wrapped with metal filaments, which vibrate strongly and easily produce overtones, and the string body is soft. Between the casing and the metal filaments, there is also a layer of silk wrapped around it, so this string has a smooth, full, and beautiful sound. The quality of the casing string mainly depends on the quality of the casing. It should be made from transparent, thin, and even sheep intestines with intact tendons. The use of casing strings requires frequent tuning of the pitch, and the elasticity will gradually disappear after prolonged use, so the strings need to be replaced frequently and should not be stored.

There are two types of metal strings: bare string and wrapped string. E-string is made of bare string and stainless steel wire. The other three strings are strung together, with string A being made by wrapping a layer of fine silver, nickel, or aluminum wire around a steel wire. The D string is wrapped around a thin copper wire first, and then wrapped around a thin silver or nickel wire (there are also cases where two layers of aluminum wire are wrapped around the steel wire). G string is a steel wire that is first wrapped with two layers of thin steel wire, and then wrapped with thin silver or nickel wire (there are also cases where two layers of aluminum wire are wrapped around the steel wire). G string is a steel wire that is first wrapped with two layers of thin copper wire, and then wrapped with thin silver or nickel wire on the outside.